Composition and mise en scène (mise-en-scene)
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film vs. digital cinematography |
single camera vs. multiple camera |
Film stock:
- fast film stock
- slow film stock
- film grain
- film emulsion
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Film gauge:
- 8 mm film
- 16 mm film
- 35 mm film
- 70 mm film
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Projection formats (aspect ratio):
- 1.33:1 (16 mm, silent)
- 1.37:1 (Academy)
- 1.66:1 (European)
- 1.85:1 (widescreen)
- 2.35:1 (CinemaScope, anamorphic widescreen)
- Imax
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| leader |
negative image vs. positive image |
film footage |
Lighting terms |
Three-point lighting (lighting source):
- key light
- fill light
- backlight
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Types of lighting:
- soft lighting
- hard lighting
- high key lighting (TV, comedy)
- low key lighting (mystery, suspense, horror)
- high contrast vs. low contrast
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Other lighting options:
- underlighting
- side lighting
- bottom lighting
- catch light
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Color options:
- gels
- filters
- saturated color
- desaturated color
- tint
- chiaroscuro
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Camera terms and lenses |
Types of lenses:
- wide-angle lens
- telephoto lens
- zoom lens
- fish-eye lens
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Lens speeds:
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Ways to control light and film exposure:
- lens choice
- aperture opening
- shutter speed
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focal length
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depth of field
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diffuser |
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Types of shots:
- establishing shot
- master shot
- one-shot, two-shot, three-shot, etc.
- insert
- cutaway
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Framing:
- extreme closeup
- closeup
- medium shot
- long shot
- extreme long shot
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Camera movement:
- pan (panning shot)
- swish pan
- tilt shot
- tracking shot
- hand-held shot
- zoom shot
- following shot
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Shot angles:
- reverse shot or reverse angle
- reaction shot
- POV shot
- high angle
- low angle
- bird's-eye view
- Dutch angle
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Camera support devices:
- tripod
- high hat (for low angle shots)
- dolly
- boom
- crane
- helicopter
- Steadicam
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Effects shots:
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Focus choices:
- selective focus
- shallow focus
- deep focus
- rack focus
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Framing choices:
- tight framing
- loose framing
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limbo vs. empty space |
| long take vs. short take |
foreground vs. background |
day-for-night vs. actual night shooting |
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